Pathogenic features of cell death in myocardial alterations of different genesis

In the present work the features of initiation of cardiomyocyte regulated cell death at the early stages of cardiac alteration of different etiology were studied. The experiments were performed on male rabbits in which we modeled acute ischemia of the left ventricle, hemodynamic overload of the left ventricle and a diffuse toxic damage of the myocardium. Мechanisms of cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis were evaluated by means of morphological and immunohistochemical investigation of the myocardium. Cardiomyocyte autophagy was studied by estimation of protein BECN1 expression, apoptotic process in cardiomyocytes – by estimation of proapoptotic protein BAX and antiapoptotic protein BCL-2. It was found that mechanisms mediating realization of some types of cardiomyocyte regulated death may have different properties depending on the character of myocardial damage. It was shown that under acute myocardial ischemia the activity of BECN1-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy is increased and on the 1-st day there is also activation of mitochondrial pathway of cardiomyocyte apoptotic death. Acute toxic damage and acute overload of the left ventricle are accompanied by inhibition of cardiomyocyte autophagy.

Functional characteristic of chronostructure of the cardio-vascular system in the dynamics of genetic hypertension

In the present work some indices characterizing functional state of the cardio-vascular system under long-term hypertension were studied. As a target of research we used spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar rats (control) in which we implanted (surgically) radio-transmitters monitoring BP, ECG and motion activity for several months continuously. The obtained data were processed with computer programs: Dataquest A.R.T.4.2 Gold (USA) и ChronosFit (Germany). It was found that maximal daily systolic BP significantly increased at the stable stage of hypertension; inhibition of the chronotropic function of the myocardium at the late terms of the experiment was also typical. It was shown that rhythmic characteristics of the investigated indices were gradually suppressed as hypertension was developing which was also accompanied by disorganization of their circadian profiles.

Age features formation of non-carious lesions of teeth in women of reproductive age

Is a study of age-general non-specific adaptive response, hormonal, and elemental status in the healthy and wedge-shaped defects of the teeth women of reproductive age. 185 healthy and with wedge-shaped defects of the teeth women aged 18-45 years. Revealed that the percentage of negative adaptive response in female patients was significantly (p <0,05) higher than in the healthy: in the younger age group, 57.5% versus 13.3%, average - 62.8% vs. 16.1% and the highest - 68.4% versus 21.5%. It is established that the serum of women with wedge-shaped defects identified revealed the same pattern as that of the healthy - the level of parathyroid hormone, LH, FSH, and TSH was significantly increased with age, and calcitonin, estradiol, progesterone, and free T4 decreased (p <0, 05). It should be noted that in patients with parathyroid hormone and calcitonin levels significantly higher and LH, FSH and progesterone levels are much lower than in healthy women (p<0.001). It is shown that the content of Al, Co, Cu, Sn, Mn, P, Se, Si and Zn in hair and saliva in the patients was significantly lower, and B, Ca, Cr, Fe and Mg higher than the healthy group (p <0,01).

Ecological and physiological characteristics of mineral metabolism and local immune response in women Lower Volga

This is a study of immune and cytokine profile, peroxide-antioxidant balance and the element status of mixed saliva in women of reproductive age living in different environmental conditions of the Lower Volga region. The study involved 99 healthy women of reproductive age, in different phases of the menstrual cycle aged 18-30 years. Revealed that women residing in ecologically unfavorable regions, significantly (p <0,001) increases levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in mixed saliva and reduced sIgA and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4, compared with an environmentally friendly. The concentration of sIgA and IL-4 was significantly (p <0,001) higher in the follicular phase, and IL-1β and TNF-α - in the luteal, regardless of the area of residence. The concentration of Ca, K, Se, Si and Zn in mixed saliva was significantly higher in women residing in ecologically clean area, and Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb , Sn, Sr - in ecologically unfavorable (p <0,001). The concentration of Ca, Cu, Mn, Na, Se, Si, Sn, Sr and Zn significantly higher in the follicular phase, and Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mg, K, Ni, P and Pb - the luteal, regardless of the area of residence. Interfacial differences were statistically significant (p <0,001).

Peculiarities of salivary immune and elemental status in women with periodontitis

This is a study of immune and elemental status of whole saliva in healthy and patients with chronic generalized periodontitis in women of reproductive age. Found that the content of salivary immunoglobulins sIgA, IgA and bactericidal activity in healthy women was significantly higher in the follicular phase, and IgG, lactofferin and lysozyme - the luteal (p <0,05). Statistically significant monthly rhythms in healthy women of chemical elements in whole saliva. Thus, the maximum salivary concentrations B, Ca, Co, Cu, Hg, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Se, Si, Sn, Sr and Zn was significantly higher in the follicular phase, and Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, J, K , Ni, P, Pb, and V - in the luteal (p <0,05). A comparative evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis antibiotic (lincomycin) and combined (lincomycin + Traumeel С) therapy, depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle. Higher immunostimulatory effect was observed with the patients which started treatment in follicular phase.

Clinic-physiological characteristic features of variation lipid and hormone levels in various seasons of year

The job is devoted to study seasonal variation in blood lipid, hormone and element levels in the healthy men and patients with dyslipidaemia IIa type. Is established, that in the healthy men in blood the total cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides and total Т4 significant are higher in the autumn, LDL cholesterol, index atherogenesis, total T3, leptin, insulin, Na, Fe, Se and Zn - winter, HDL cholesterol, ApoВ, testosterone, cortisole, thyroid-stimulating hormone, K, Ca, Mg, Р, Cu and Mn - summer, C-reactive protein and Cr – spring. It the patients with dyslipidaemia IIa type the shift acrophases of seasonal rhythms total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides and apoВ, index atherogenesis, ratio ApoВ/ApoА-1, leptin and insulin to the autumn, HDL cholesterol and АпоА-1, testosterone, total T3 and Т4 - to spring, C-reactive protein - on summer is revealed in comparison with healthy. Hypolipidemic therapy by atorvastatin within 6 weeks renders corrective influence on the seasonal structure of lipid levels in the patients with dyslipidaemia IIa type. Thus most expressed hypolipidemic action of atorvastatin was observed in the autumn period of year.

Chronophysiological feature of immunology status in saliva with gingivitis

The job is devoted to research of feature of temporary organization of parameters immunology and element structure of the mixed saliva in healthy and patients with chronic gingivitis. The authentic seasonal rhythms of concentration immunoglobulins in the mixed saliva in the healthy men with acrophase sIgA, IgA, IgG and lactofferin in autumn, and IgM and activity lizocyme – in summer, bacterial activity– in spring are established. Is revealed, maximal meanings elements Ca, Na, Р and Se have in autumn, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn and Si - in summer, and K, Mg – in spring. Is shown, that antyhomotoxic therapy (use of ampoules and tablets of preparation Traumel С) renders stimulating action on specific (sIgA) and not specific (lyzocime, lactofferin) factors humoral immunity, providing antibacterial protection of the mouth cavity.

Circadian rhythm of the lipid peroxydation in the wumen with neurocirculatory dystonia

Diurnal variations of the intensive of lipid peroxidation and activity of the antioxidant system in saliva in the health and with neurocirculatory dystonia women were studied in the article. 115 subjects were studied. The age of the subjects ranged from 18 to 28 years old. It is found out that circadian rhythm of acrophases for lipid peroxydation were noted in the morning hours, antioxidant system – in the day-time and in the evening hours. Composite biologic preparations (Cerebrum compositum, Kralonin, Hormel С and Ovarium compositum) exerted normalising influence of heart beat frequency, arterial pressure; intensive of lipid peroxidation and activity of the antioxidant system. Taking into account positive effect of antihomotoxic preparations and the absence of side effects authors recommends their wider application in the therapy of neurocirculatory dystonia.

The course of pregnancy, childbirth and development infants from women smokers

As a result of retrospective analysis and complex clinical and physiological studies, the conditions of the real life style of women's tobacco-smoking, including social and educational factors of the environment, and reproductive health were established, which made it possible to compile her social portrait. It is shown that nicotine exerts a depressing effect on the developing fetus, which is confirmed by smaller values of the increase in biometric parameters with an increase in the gestation period (the effect of nicotine on the fetal bone size is 14 and 20 weeks lag). It is noted that the delay in fetal development, being a clinical manifestation of fetoplacental insufficiency, was more reliably detected in smoking pregnant women in asymmetric type than in nonsmokers (4% and 2%, respectively, p <0.05) and symmetrical - 4 times (8 % and 2%, respectively, p <0.001). At smoking pregnant women it was more often diagnosed already on 20th and 26th week of pregnancy, and at non-smokers at 32-35 weeks.

The features of the tendency of premenstrual syndrome at women with different somatic types

As a result of comparative studies of the female population at the age of 17-26 from different climatic geographic regions, it was established that the dominant somatotypes for female students from Russia are subatellite (20.4%) and asthenic (18.3%); from the countries of Central Africa - athletic (23.1%) and subatellite (21.4%); from the countries of South-East Asia - stenoplastic (26,1%) and asthenic (21,8%). In women of different somatotypes, significant differences in the main anthropometric parameters and indices of tissue components were revealed (p <0.05-0.001). It was revealed that the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in the girls surveyed from Russia is found in 32.7% of cases, while the neuro-psychic form (46.6%) is characteristic of them. Women from Southeast Asia had a premenstrual syndrome of 37.3%, with edematous form (36.7%). Premenstrual syndrome in African female students was found in 35.6% of the total number of cases with a predominance of cephalic form (23.8%). The neuro-psychic form is found in women of asthenic somatotype from Russia (55.1%); edematous form - in girls from Southeast Asia the mesoplastic somatotype (40.9%), and the cephalic form - among African female students of athletic somatotype (31.3%). Female students from Russia are dominated by the compensated form of PMS, among female students from CA, they are subcompensated, and from Southeast - decompensated. For women from Russia and Central Asia, a light degree of PMS is characteristic, and for students from Southeast Asia - a severe degree.