The possibility of plasma formation with a concentration exceeding the critical value for the used microwave frequency is shown. The results can be applied to improve the performance of low-thrust orbit correction engines. Plasma engines are an alternative to standard liquid fuel engines, the operation of which is associated with the need to deliver fuel components into orbit.

A compact X-ray source based on ECR (electronic cyclotron resonance) interaction has been created. It provides high resolution of the resulting image without the use of high-voltage equipment.

Radiation sources of various nature, including synchrotron and braking radiation, are under development.

Microwave sources of generation of atoms, ions and radicals have been created. They are widely used in technologies for modifying the physico-chemical characteristics of surface layers of various materials, forming semiconductor structures, as well as in accelerator technology. This corresponds to the trend towards a sharp decrease in the size of devices in electronic technology.