RUDN ecologists obtained hydrogen fuel with the help of iron "sponge"
One of the well-known approaches of alternative energy is the use of hydrogen fuel. It is the most widespread element on Earth, and when burned, it gives three times more heat than gasoline. In addition, the product of hydrogen combustion is ordinary water. Hydrogen can be obtained, for example, from natural gas — methane. To do this, methane is heated to temperatures above 1000 ℃. This process is called pyrolysis. PFUR scientists with colleagues from the Joint Institute of High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Graphic Era University (India), MISIS University of Science and Technology and Lukoil-Engineering have proposed a method that allows to achieve 85% efficiency of this reaction. An iron “sponge” is used for this purpose.
“Unlike hydrocarbon fuels, burning hydrogen does not release carbon dioxide into the environment. Therefore, the use of hydrogen instead of traditional fuels is of great interest due to the global demand for low-carbon energy development. Despite the relatively simple reaction equation, the methane pyrolysis process is still insufficiently technologically developed”, — Mikhail Vlaskin, PhD in Technical Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Department of Environmental Safety and Product Quality Management at RUDN.
Sponge iron was placed in a reactor tube 8 cm long, methane was fed at different rates (from 50 to 200 milliliters per minute). And a propane burner heated the reactor from 700 to 1100 degrees Celsius. Sponge iron played the role of a catalyst in the process. The hydrogen yield depended on the temperature and methane feed rate. At temperatures of 700-800℃, the efficiency did not exceed 20%. But at 1100℃, it reached 85%. Without sponge iron, the efficiency was 81% lower.
“This is the first time we have used sponge iron as a catalyst for methane pyrolysis. The next step is to determine whether this catalyst can maintain the reactivity over a long period,” Mikhail Vlaskin.
The results were published in the journal Results in Engineering.
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Imagine a world where everyone has enough food, clean water, access to education, and decent work. A world where nature is protected and the future of our planet is cared for. These are the Sustainable Development Goals—to achieve a sustainable future for all! To this end, in 2015, the United Nations (UN) defined 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs are a global plan that helps countries and people work together towards a better future. All 193 UN member states have joined the plan.
Researchers from the Faculty of Artificial Intelligence at RUDN University conducted a large-scale study that revealed systemic errors in large language models (LLMs) when diagnosing depression based on text. This work, carried out in collaboration with colleagues from AIRI, Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, and MBZUAI, not only identifies the problem but also lays the foundation for the creation of more reliable and secure tools for detecting depression and anxiety.
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