Pediatric surgery

Profession

Pediatric surgery is the surgery of a growing organism, and therefore it has got its specificity and peculiarities. Surgery for children has a number of differences in comparison to adult surgery and most of differences are related to the anatomical and physiological peculiarities of different age groups of children: a special choice of anesthesia (milder), the need to prevent dehydration of the child's body, minimizing tissue injury. When performing operations, an experienced pediatric surgeon must necessarily take into account the individual and age characteristics of a small patient. Perfect knowledge of the surgical anatomy of a child, which radically distinguishes it from an adult, is the key to a successful operation.
Today, the field of children's surgery is developing rapidly: the level of quality of anesthesiological support has significantly increased, and minimally invasive methods of treatment are being widely introduced.

Educational Process

In order to understand this profession, residents are asked to practice with patients who had diseases related to the speciality in different departments, after the introduction course according to department the residents are asked to take part in medical and diagnostic manipulations, and later they are allowed to work independently under the supervision of experienced doctors and head of various departments.
Disciplines: “Еmergency medicine”, “Pedagogy (pedagogical aspects in the doctor's activity)”, “Public health and healthcare”, “Pathology”, “Сombustiology”, “Surgery of newborns”; “Endovideosurgery in children”, ” Plastic surgery and surgery of malformations”, “Proctology of children”, “Resuscitation, anesthesiology, intensive care”, “Foreign language in the field of professional communication”, “Russian as a foreign language in the field of professional communication”.

Practice

In addition to analyzing situational tasks, radiographs, Sonograms, angiograms, electrocardiograms, residents must attend simulation classes in anesthesiology and resuscitation, surgery, where they practice manual skills of the operator using special equipment.

Career

A pediatric surgeon is a doctor who deals with children's defects that need to be corrected surgically. He examines the child, makes a diagnosis, prescribes tests and appropriate treatment, and determines the reception, methods and technique of performing the operation. Immediately after birth, the child has to be examined by a neonatologist to detect any malformations, if they are present, he sends the child to the specialized pediatric surgeon for further examination and management.
There are different specialists in the field of pediatric surgery: surgical treatment of diseases of internal organs (General pediatric surgeon), heart (pediatric cardiac surgeon), genitourinary system (pediatric urologist), and so on. A peculiarity of pediatric surgery is considered to be the frequent need to correct congenital malformations (atresia of the hollow organs, cleft palate and upper lip, undescended testicles, abnormalities of the urethra, congenital heart defects,ect.). Advances in modern science allow the use of surgery for the treatment of diseases in children, starting with intrauterine development (fetal surgery).