Study of mass transfer of dense particles as a result of wind erosion and agricultural burns based on satellite data

This direction of research is new both for Russia and for many other countries of the world; it is relevant for solving problems related to agricultural production (monitoring soil degradation due to wind erosion and assessing its impact on crop yields, as well as monitoring agricultural burns ), to study the effects of erosion and burning on climate change (atmospheric dustiness), to study wind migration processes of chemical pollutants, as well as by-products, - to improve the quality of satellite data by developing new methods for their preliminary processing. As part of the study, it is planned to develop new monitoring technologies using the results of space activities (satellite monitoring) and aerial surveys using unmanned aviation of human-induced soil degradation (wind erosion and agricultural burns) and its implications for agricultural land use. The methods were tested for key areas and a demonstration of their capabilities was conducted in the European part of Russia.

Development of water melioration by agroclimatic indicators

In the context of global changes in climatic factors, the need to justify the development of drainage or irrigation by comparing the requirements of plants to the water factor increases. In justifying the need for water reclamation, along with climatic indicators, it is necessary to take into account the bioclimatic productivity of agroecosystems. Comprehensive use of retrospective analysis of long-term meteorological observations carried out according to sound methods, and a model of bioclimatic productivity will allow approaching the scientific substantiation of the need for water reclamation, using probabilistic estimates of agroclimatic indicators. Such an approach makes it possible to substantiate the need to develop irrigation and/or drainage of land in the cultivation of crops for the realization of the production potential of agroecosystems. Based on the conducted research, the influence of climatic resources on the natural heat and moisture of the soil and the yield of potatoes, beetroot and winter wheat was revealed. For the three pilot regions, there is a shortage of water consumption and the need for additional irrigation. For the first time, a comprehensive quantitative analysis of climate data by their statistical indicators using transition probability matrices has been developed and implemented.

Monitoring, modeling and forecasting of global agroclimatic and cosmo-geophysical changes

The geomagnetic field has a significant impact on geophysical, biophysical and environmental processes on Earth. Changes in its intensity can lead to large fluctuations in temperature, atmospheric pressure and frequency of precipitation. According to recent studies, it has been found that also through rocks the geomagnetic field affects the soil, having a noticeable effect on their fertility, that is, the effect of stronger magnetic fields on the soil, may accelerate the growth of plants. As part of the study, effective mathematical algorithms have been developed for identifying relationships and long-term trends in global changes, agroclimatic resources and space processes. The analysis of cause-effect relationships and forecasting of long-term changes in agro-climatic and Cosmo-geophysical processes is carried out, for which the mathematical and statistical analysis of time series of temperatures, the duration of the growing season, water supply, rainfall, evaporation, annual rings of plant growth, solar and geomagnetic activity, indirect long-term indicators of climate change and other characteristics are done. The influence of the geomagnetic field of the Earth and solar activity on the yield of various crops of the tropical and subtropical zones and the assessment of possible economic consequences based on the developed forecasts have been studied.